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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.6K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

3.8K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
3.8K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.8K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.8K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight01:01

Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight

3.8K
Unlike small molecules with definite molecular weights, polymers are a mixture of individual polymer chains of varying lengths, each with a unique molecular weight.  So, the molecular weight of a polymer is expressed as an average value based on the average size of the polymer chains. The two most common forms of averages used for polymers are the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
The number average molecular weight (Mn) is the summation of the number...
3.8K

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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

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Polymer Brushes on Hexagonal Boron Nitride.

Wenbo Sheng1, Ihsan Amin1,2,3, Christof Neumann4

  • 1Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|April 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a method to covalently attach polymer brushes to hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) sheets. This functionalization enhances material stability for applications like water splitting and hydrogen production.

Keywords:
2D materialshexagonal boron nitridehydrogen evolutionpatterningpolymer brushes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a 2D material with unique properties but limited stability and handling.
  • Functionalization is key to enhancing the utility of 2D materials for advanced applications.
  • Covalent modification offers robust and permanent changes to material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To achieve direct covalent functionalization of large-area single-layer hBN.
  • To create stable and versatile polymer brush coatings on hBN.
  • To improve the handling and long-term stability of hBN for catalytic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Photopolymerization of vinyl monomers on hBN surfaces.
  • Utilizing mild reaction conditions for covalent grafting.
  • Characterization of the functionalized hBN surface and polymer brushes.

Main Results:

  • Successful formation of thick, homogeneous polymer brushes covalently attached to hBN.
  • Demonstration of micropatterned and gradient brush structures.
  • Enhanced mechanical and chemical stability of the functionalized hBN material.

Conclusions:

  • Direct covalent functionalization provides a robust method for modifying hBN.
  • The resulting polymer brush layers significantly improve hBN's stability and handling.
  • Functionalized hBN shows promise for long-term use in water splitting and hydrogen evolution reactions.