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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

In Vivo Multimodal Imaging and Analysis of Mouse Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization Model
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In Vivo Multimodal Imaging and Analysis of Mouse Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization Model

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Neovascularization in diabetes.

Jason P Glotzbach1, Victor W Wong2, Geoffrey C Gurtner3

  • 1a Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 257 Campus Drive West, Hagey Building GK-201, Stanford, CA, 94305-5148, USA. jason.glotzbach@gmail.com.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|April 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetes causes abnormal blood vessel growth, leading to severe complications. Understanding these mechanisms offers new therapeutic targets to prevent diabetic vascular issues.

Keywords:
HIF-1αangiogenesisdiabetesneovascularizationvasculogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular biology
  • Diabetology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Diabetic complications pose a significant public health challenge.
  • Dysfunctional neovascularization is a primary driver of diabetic morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying abnormal blood vessel growth in diabetes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms by which diabetes disrupts normal neovascularization.
  • To identify key molecular targets for therapeutic intervention in diabetic vascular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanistic studies investigating the impact of hyperglycemia on tissue signaling.
  • Assessment of the vasculogenic potential of circulating stem cells in diabetic models.
  • Analysis of the structure and function of critical neovascularization proteins, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1.

Main Results:

  • Hyperglycemia disrupts hypoxia and ischemia signaling pathways.
  • Impaired vasculogenic potential of stem cells in diabetic conditions.
  • Alterations in the structure and function of key neovascularization proteins observed.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating the molecular basis of diabetic neovascularization provides insights into disease progression.
  • Identified therapeutic targets offer potential strategies to restore normal vascularization.
  • These findings pave the way for novel treatments to ameliorate and prevent diabetic vascular complications.