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[The schizophrenic's chilhood].

P Fourneret1, D Da Fonseca2

  • 1Service psychopathologie du développement, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, hospices civils de Lyon, France; Institut des sciences cognitives Marc-Jeannerod, UMR 5304, CNRS et université Claude-Bernard-Lyon-1, France.

L'Encephale
|April 3, 2019
PubMed
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Schizophrenia can emerge in childhood, with two early forms identified around ages 9 and 15. Both are linked to lasting neurodevelopmental changes originating in infancy or prenatally.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia typically emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood.
  • Epidemiological studies suggest rare childhood-onset forms of schizophrenia exist.
  • These early-onset forms present distinct clinical phenotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the developmental trajectory of schizophrenia from infancy to adolescence.
  • To investigate the neurobiological and environmental factors contributing to early-onset schizophrenia.
  • To present a neuroscientific perspective on the origins of schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent neuroimaging studies.
  • Analysis of genetic research findings.
  • Integration of developmental psychology and epidemiological data.
Keywords:
DevelopmentDéveloppementInfant schizophreniaSchizophrénie infantileTrajectoireTrajectory

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Main Results:

  • Two distinct early-onset schizophrenia phenotypes identified: one around age 9, another around age 15.
  • Both forms are associated with profound, lasting alterations in neurocognitive development.
  • The origins of these alterations likely trace back to prenatal or early infancy periods.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood-onset schizophrenia represents a significant deviation in neurodevelopmental trajectories.
  • Understanding prenatal and infant factors is crucial for deciphering schizophrenia's etiology.
  • Further research integrating neuroimaging and genetics is needed to elucidate early schizophrenia development.