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Weight control and physical exercise in people with multiple sclerosis: Current knowledge and future perspectives.

Motahare Mokhtarzade1, Hamid Agha-Alinejad1, Robert W Motl2

  • 1Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

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Summary

Overweight and obesity are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and linked to increased risk. Physical activity can help manage MS by improving physiological and biological functions, making body composition a key factor in management.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosisObesityPhysical activityWeight controlWeight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Exercise Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • High prevalence of overweight and obesity in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • Increased body mass index is associated with higher MS risk.
  • Body composition impacts MS course, treatment, and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of physical activity in managing overweight and obesity in MS.
  • To investigate how exercise influences physiological and biological processes relevant to MS.
  • To determine appropriate exercise guidelines for weight management in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing data on overweight/obesity in MS.
  • Analysis of physiological and biological effects of physical activity.
  • Evaluation of current weight management guidelines (e.g., American College of Sports Medicine).

Main Results:

  • Increased physical activity positively affects endurance, strength, balance, fat oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation.
  • Exercise can counteract weight gain and potentially mitigate MS progression.
  • Current weight management guidelines for the general population appear applicable to MS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity is a crucial strategy for managing weight and associated issues in MS.
  • Personalized exercise programs should consider body composition and exceed basic energy expenditure recommendations.
  • Developing specific weight control guidelines for MS is necessary.