Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026
09:14
Image-guided Convection-enhanced Delivery into Agarose Gel Models of the Brain
Published on: May 14, 2014
11.9K
Comparison of Two Models for Process Holding Time Calculations: Convection System
1Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 and School of Food Science, Macdonald College, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd. Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 1C0, Canada.
Journal of Food Protection
|April 5, 2019
Summary
The study compared Thermal Death Time (TDT) and Arrhenius methods for food processing kinetics. The Arrhenius model accurately predicted process times, while TDT underestimated them, highlighting differences in microbial destruction and chemical change assessments.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Microbiology
- Chemical Kinetics
Background:
- Microbial destruction in food typically uses Thermal Death Time (TDT).
- Chemical changes in food processing often employ the Arrhenius approach.
- Mathematical discrepancies exist between TDT and Arrhenius models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the TDT and Arrhenius methods for food processing kinetics.
- To evaluate the relationship between these methods experimentally and through simulation.
- To determine the accuracy of each method in predicting process times.
Main Methods:
- Determined kinetic parameters for Saccharomyces uvarum experimentally.
- Calculated simulated processes using TDT and Arrhenius models.
- Compared actual process times with predictions from both methods in five trials.
Main Results:
- Simulations showed Arrhenius required 16% more time than TDT.
- Experimental trials indicated Arrhenius predicted actual process times accurately.
- TDT predictions were approximately 8% shorter than actual process times.
Conclusions:
- The Arrhenius method provides more accurate predictions for food processing times compared to TDT.
- While differences may be minor microbiologically, they are significant for chemical kinetics.
- The study highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate kinetic model for food preservation processes.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
357
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
357
02:49Calculating Standard Free Energy Changes
24.8K
The free energy change for a reaction that occurs under the standard conditions of 1 bar pressure and at 298 K is called the standard free energy change. Since free energy is a state function, its value depends only on the conditions of the initial and final states of the system. A convenient and common approach to the calculation of free energy changes for physical and chemical reactions is by use of widely available compilations of standard state thermodynamic data. One method involves the...
24.8K
02:46Calculating the Equilibrium Constant
37.7K
The equilibrium constant for a reaction is calculated from the equilibrium concentrations (or pressures) of its reactants and products. If these concentrations are known, the calculation simply involves their substitution into the Kc expression.
For example, gaseous nitrogen dioxide forms dinitrogen tetroxide according to this equation:
For example, gaseous nitrogen dioxide forms dinitrogen tetroxide according to this equation:
37.7K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
55.6K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
55.6K
01:14Steps in the Modeling Process
661
Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
661
02:45Calculating pH Changes in a Buffer Solution
58.0K
A buffer can prevent a sudden drop or increase in the pH of a solution after the addition of a strong acid or base up to its buffering capacity; however, such addition of a strong acid or base does result in the slight pH change of the solution. The small pH change can be calculated by determining the resulting change in the concentration of buffer components, i.e., a weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa. The concentrations obtained using these stoichiometric calculations can be used...
58.0K