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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Pediatric Complex Chronic Conditions: Does the Classification System Work for Infants?

Lisa C Lindley1, Christine A Fortney2

  • 11 College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.

The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care
|April 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complex chronic conditions (CCCs) classification identifies infants with serious illnesses, but only 40% met the criteria. Racial disparities exist, with African American infants less likely to be classified, highlighting the need for equitable palliative care research.

Keywords:
HCUP KIDcomplex chronic conditionsend-of-lifeinfantsneonatesserious illness

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Medical Classification Systems
  • Public Health Research

Background:

  • The complex chronic conditions (CCCs) classification is a standard for identifying children with life-limiting conditions.
  • Its performance, particularly in infants, remains under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of CCCs in infants.
  • To identify infant characteristics associated with CCC classification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the 2012 Kids' Inpatient Database (a national sample).
  • Employed multivariate regression analysis on infant decedents under one year old.

Main Results:

  • 40% of infants were classified with CCCs.
  • African American infants and those with other insurance were less likely to be classified.
  • Nonurban residence and comorbidities increased the odds of CCC classification.

Conclusions:

  • Infant CCC classification is not universal, with significant racial variations observed.
  • Attention to CCC classification is crucial for reducing palliative care disparities.