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The motor system's [modest] contribution to speech perception.

Ryan C Stokes1, Jonathan H Venezia2, Gregory Hickok2

  • 1Department of Cognitive Sciences Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-5100, USA. stokesr@uci.edu.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|April 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
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The speech motor system plays a minor role in speech perception, even in noisy conditions. Disrupting motor areas with articulatory suppression only slightly improved phonemic identification thresholds.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Speech Motor Control

Background:

  • Emerging evidence suggests the motor system aids speech perception in noise.
  • Previous studies show correlations between auditory and motor speech systems, hinting at a causal link.
  • However, prior causal investigations used limited signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal role of the speech motor system in phonemic identification across varying SNRs.
  • To determine if motor system disruption affects speech perception performance.
  • To quantify the impact of articulatory suppression on speech perception.

Main Methods:

  • Phonemic identification was measured across a range of SNRs.
  • Articulatory suppression was used to disrupt motor-speech areas.
Keywords:
Articulatory suppressionMotor cortexMotor theory of speech perceptionSpeech

Related Experiment Videos

  • Control conditions included passive listening, mandible gesturing, and foot-tapping.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant effect of experimental task on the slopes of psychometric functions was observed.
    • A small, statistically significant effect of articulatory suppression was found on psychometric function thresholds.
    • The threshold effect size averaged 1 dB, corresponding to approximately a 5% improvement in correct identification.

    Conclusions:

    • The speech motor system appears to have, at best, a minor modulatory role in speech perception.
    • The facilitatory effect of the motor system on perception is likely dependent on listening conditions, particularly SNR.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between motor and auditory systems in speech processing.