Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

49.5K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
49.5K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

56.8K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
56.8K
Dot Product01:29

Dot Product

934
The dot product is an essential concept in mathematics and physics.
In engineering, the dot product of any two vectors is the product of the magnitudes of the vectors and the cosine of the angle between them. It is denoted by a dot symbol between the two vectors.
Consider a vehicle pulling an object along the ground using a rope. If the rope makes an angle with the horizontal axis, the work done can be calculated using the dot product of the force applied and the object's displacement.
The dot...
934
Dot Product: Problem Solving01:21

Dot Product: Problem Solving

693
The dot product is a powerful tool in problem-solving involving vectors, given that the dot product of two vectors is the product of their magnitudes and the cosine of the angle between them measured anti-clockwise. Solving problems involving the dot product requires understanding its properties and developing a step-by-step process to solve them. Here are the main steps to follow when solving any general problem involving the dot product:
Identify the problem: Start by reading the problem and...
693
Scalar Product (Dot Product)01:11

Scalar Product (Dot Product)

26.4K
The scalar multiplication of two vectors is known as the scalar or dot product. As the name indicates, the scalar product of two vectors results in a number, that is, a scalar quantity. Scalar products are used to define work and energy relations. For example, the work that a force (a vector) performs on an object while causing its displacement (a vector) is defined as a scalar product of the force vector with the displacement vector.
The scalar product of two vectors is obtained by multiplying...
26.4K
Dimensional Analysis03:40

Dimensional Analysis

60.9K
Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach is: the units of quantities must be subjected to the same mathematical operations as their associated numbers. This method can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex and multi-step calculations involving several different quantities and their units.
Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis
The unit...
60.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

UAV-based temporal synergistic estimation of multiple alfalfa qualities integrating physics-informed network and 3D allometric operator.

Plant phenomics (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

HDFT-MViT: a progressive core-enhanced mix framework for Alzheimer's disease classification using MRI images.

Frontiers in neurology·2026
Same author

Ligilactobacillus salivarius Lbs57 Exerted Antibacterial Activity and Modulated Cecal Microbiota to Reduce Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni.

Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins·2026
Same author

Bridging the Gap: A Quantitative Framework Correlating Static and Dynamic Adsorption Capacities for VOCs Removal Prediction.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

GGDA-net: geometry-guided deformable attention network for Alzheimer's disease image classification.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026
Same author

Persistent Benefits of Early Gestational Chenodeoxycholic Acid Supplementation on Late Pregnancy in Sows Via Sustained Modulation of the Gut-Metabolism Axis.

The Journal of nutrition·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
15:47

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Published on: November 1, 2013

17.0K

Two-Dimensional Gold Quantum Dots with Tunable Bandgaps.

Shiva Bhandari1, Boyi Hao1, Kevin Waters1

  • 1Department of Physics , Michigan Technological University , 1400 Townsend Drive , Houghton , Michigan 49931 , United States.

ACS Nano
|April 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created two-dimensional (2D) gold quantum dots (Au QDs) with monolayer gold atoms, opening a bandgap for potential electronic applications. These 2D Au QDs are stabilized on boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs).

Keywords:
boron nitride nanotubesgold clustersgold quantum dotsnanotubespulsed-laser depositiontwo-dimensional materials

More Related Videos

Production and Targeting of Monovalent Quantum Dots
10:16

Production and Targeting of Monovalent Quantum Dots

Published on: October 23, 2014

26.0K
Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging
17:14

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Published on: October 9, 2012

18.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
15:47

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Published on: November 1, 2013

17.0K
Production and Targeting of Monovalent Quantum Dots
10:16

Production and Targeting of Monovalent Quantum Dots

Published on: October 23, 2014

26.0K
Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging
17:14

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Published on: October 9, 2012

18.7K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Quantum Physics

Background:

  • Multilayer gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are widely used in plasmonics, chemistry, medicine, and metamaterials.
  • Exploring novel low-dimensional gold structures is crucial for advancing nanotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the bandgap opening in substrate-supported two-dimensional (2D) gold quantum dots (Au QDs) composed of monolayer gold atoms.
  • To investigate the stability and properties of these 2D Au QDs using computational and experimental methods.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to assess the energetic favorability of 2D Au QDs versus 3D Au clusters on hexagonal boron nitride (BN) surfaces.
  • Experimental synthesis and stabilization of 2D Au QDs on boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs).
  • Electron beam irradiation for atomic restructuring and tuning of 2D Au QD properties.

Main Results:

  • DFT calculations indicate 2D Au QDs are energetically favorable on BN surfaces compared to 3D clusters.
  • BNNTs successfully stabilize 2D Au QDs, along with individual gold atoms, dimers, and trimers.
  • Electrically insulating and optically transparent BNNTs facilitate the detection of optical bandgaps in the visible spectrum.
  • Electron beam irradiation allows for atomic manipulation of 2D Au QD size and shape.

Conclusions:

  • Two-dimensional gold quantum dots (Au QDs) with monolayer gold atoms exhibit tunable bandgaps, making them promising for 2D semiconductor applications.
  • Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) serve as an effective substrate for stabilizing and characterizing these novel 2D gold structures.
  • The ability to atomically manipulate 2D Au QDs opens avenues for atom-by-atom property tuning in next-generation electronic and optical devices.