Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

1.0K
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
1.0K
Distance Corrections01:15

Distance Corrections

285
To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
285
Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors

10.0K
In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
10.0K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

13.7K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
13.7K
Power Factor Correction01:20

Power Factor Correction

515
The power transmission to a factory involves the transfer of apparent power, a combination of active and reactive power. The power factor measures how effectively electrical power is converted into useful work output. The ratio of the real power (KW) that does the work to the apparent power (KVA) supplied to the circuit.
515
Random Error01:04

Random Error

9.2K
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
9.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Space exploration and risk of Parkinson's disease: a perspective review.

NPJ microgravity·2025
Same author

Endhered Patterns in Matchings and RNA.

Journal of computational biology : a journal of computational molecular cell biology·2024
Same author

Many direct-to-consumer canine genetic tests can identify the breed of purebred dogs.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·2024
Same author

9S1R nullomer peptide induces mitochondrial pathology, metabolic suppression, and enhanced immune cell infiltration, in triple-negative breast cancer mouse model.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2023
Same author

COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths predicted by SARS-CoV-2 levels in Boise, Idaho wastewater.

The Science of the total environment·2023
Same author

Nullomer peptide increases immune cell infiltration and reduces tumor metabolism in triple negative breast cancer mouse model.

Research square·2023
Same journal

Comparison of key diagnostics for probabilistic interpretation of STR mixture data generated with length-based and MPS methodologies.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Likelihood Ratios Given Activity-Level Propositions for DNA Transfer Evidence: Theoretical Foundations of the HaloGen Framework (Part I).

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Likelihood Ratios Given Activity-Level Propositions for DNA Transfer Evidence: Practical Implementation and Simulation Studies Using the HaloGen Engine (Part II).

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Forensic evaluation of 101 identity-informative SNPs in a Filipino population using massively parallel sequencing.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Reprocessing of hair roots using conventional forensic DNA analysis following RapidHIT® ID processing.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Analysis of low-input and degraded forensic DNA trace samples with NGS using the MiSeq FGx platform.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Rare Event Detection Using Error-corrected DNA and RNA Sequencing
10:36

Rare Event Detection Using Error-corrected DNA and RNA Sequencing

Published on: August 3, 2018

12.6K

Correcting forensic DNA errors.

Greg Hampikian1

  • 1Biology, and Criminal Justice, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, 83725-1515, United States.

Forensic Science International. Genetics
|April 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forensic DNA mixture interpretation has led to errors, including wrongly implicating innocent individuals. New probabilistic genotyping methods offer improvements, but labs must review past cases to correct potential misinterpretations.

Keywords:
CPICriminal caseworkDNA mixturesForensic errorsLegal and ethical issuesMix13NISTProbabilistic genotypingQuality controlTrueAllele

More Related Videos

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence
11:49

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence

Published on: March 9, 2015

16.6K
Author Spotlight: Diatom Testing for Forensic Drowning Examination
04:20

Author Spotlight: Diatom Testing for Forensic Drowning Examination

Published on: November 10, 2023

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Rare Event Detection Using Error-corrected DNA and RNA Sequencing
10:36

Rare Event Detection Using Error-corrected DNA and RNA Sequencing

Published on: August 3, 2018

12.6K
Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence
11:49

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence

Published on: March 9, 2015

16.6K
Author Spotlight: Diatom Testing for Forensic Drowning Examination
04:20

Author Spotlight: Diatom Testing for Forensic Drowning Examination

Published on: November 10, 2023

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • DNA mixture interpretation by forensic analysts can yield conflicting conclusions, even within the same lab.
  • The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) study highlighted inconsistencies in DNA mixture analysis across 109 North American crime laboratories.
  • Established methods like Combined Probability of Inclusion (CPI) have been shown to incorrectly include innocent individuals as contributors to DNA mixtures.

Discussion:

  • The President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) report in 2016 deemed CPI an inadequately specified and subjective method, lacking foundational validity.
  • Probabilistic genotyping (PG) software is increasingly adopted by laboratories to mitigate interpretation errors in complex DNA mixtures.
  • Despite advancements, laboratories that previously used flawed methods must proactively review historical cases using new PG software.

Key Insights:

  • Inconsistent DNA mixture interpretation poses a significant risk of wrongful inclusion in forensic casework.
  • The CPI statistic, widely used previously, is scientifically unreliable for complex DNA mixtures.
  • Probabilistic genotyping represents a significant advancement, but its effective implementation requires careful review of past analyses.

Outlook:

  • Laboratories must implement robust procedures and policies for reviewing past cases analyzed with outdated methods.
  • Adoption of probabilistic genotyping is crucial for enhancing the accuracy and reliability of DNA mixture interpretation.
  • Ensuring foundational validity and appropriate application of DNA interpretation methods is essential for the integrity of the justice system.