Periphery Design of Macrocyclic Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Devices with a Blue Phosphorescent Emitter

Cyclo- meta-phenylenes were modified with trifluoromethyl groups at their periphery to create host materials suitable for use in blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices. The periphery design resulted in molecules with high triplet-state energies, which were required to support the blue emission from Ir phosphors. As a result, an external quantum efficiency of 9.9% was achieved. The most successful host, a pentameric congener, preferred CF-π/CH-π interactions in its crystalline packings, which could be beneficial for the host performance.