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Controlling manganese in drinking water may reduce lead levels. Manganese influences lead release through co-transport and deposition corrosion, impacting water safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Lead and manganese are neurotoxic and regulated in drinking water.
  • Manganese dioxide (MnO2) can cause co-occurrence of lead and manganese in water systems.
  • Manganese may drive lead release, suggesting treatment control could lower lead levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the co-transport of lead and manganese at the tap.
  • To determine the effect of manganese on lead release in a model distribution system.
  • To elucidate the deposition corrosion mechanism of lead by manganese oxides.

Main Methods:

  • Size-exclusion chromatography with multielement detection to analyze metal co-transport.
  • A model distribution system to study manganese's effect on lead release.
  • 16S rRNA sequencing to identify relevant bacteria.
  • Electrochemical measurements to explore the deposition corrosion mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Lead and manganese were found in the same colloidal fraction, indicating co-transport.
  • Increasing manganese concentration nearly doubled lead release.
  • Galvanic currents were observed between lead and MnO2, suggesting a deposition corrosion mechanism.
  • Both anaerobic Mn(IV) reduction and aerobic oxygen reduction catalyzed by MnO2 contributed to the process.

Conclusions:

  • Manganese significantly enhances lead release in drinking water systems.
  • The co-transport and deposition corrosion of lead by manganese oxides are key mechanisms.
  • Controlling manganese during water treatment is a potential strategy to reduce lead exposure.