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miRNAs and their roles in KSHV pathogenesis.

Hosni A M Hussein1, Mohammad A Alfhili2, Pranaya Pakala3

  • 1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States; Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.

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Summary

Kaposi

Keywords:
EntryIFITM1KSHVmiR-36miRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD).
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical in regulating KSHV's lytic and latent replication cycles.
  • Both host and viral miRNAs significantly influence KSHV pathogenesis by targeting cellular and viral components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of KSHV pathogenesis at the molecular level.
  • To emphasize the crucial roles of microRNAs in KSHV infection and disease.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting miRNAs in KSHV-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on KSHV molecular pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of the interplay between KSHV and host microRNA transcriptome.
  • Examination of viral miRNA encoding and function.

Main Results:

  • KSHV manipulates host miRNA expression for viral entry, infection establishment, and latency maintenance.
  • KSHV encodes its own miRNAs that contribute to viral pathogenesis.
  • miRNAs are key regulators of KSHV's cellular and molecular targets.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are central players in KSHV pathogenesis, impacting viral replication and host interactions.
  • Targeting miRNAs offers a promising therapeutic strategy for KSHV-associated malignancies.
  • Further research into miRNA-based therapies could lead to novel treatments for KS, PEL, and MCD.