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Incidence and mortality of osteomielitis in Spain according to the basic minimum data set
Pilar López Del Pino1, Antonio Guerrero Espejo1
1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, España.
Background And Objectives:
To understand the incidence and mortality of patients hospitalised for osteomyelitis in Spain.
Material And Method:
An observational study of the population admitted to Spanish hospitals with a primary diagnosis of osteomyelitis, according to the minimum basic data set for hospital discharge (MBDS), between 1997 - 2014 (29 290 cases) was carried out.
Results:
The incidence was 3.85 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year. Relative risk for males was 2.02. In-hospital mortality was 1.72% (99% CI: 1.4-1.93). The mortality of osteomyelitis associated to septicemia reached 27.12% (99%CI: 20.5-35), that of infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 5.5% (99% CI: 2.18-13.2), and that of those aged over 64 was 4.65% (99% CI: 3.89-5.0). In a multivariate analysis, mortality was associated independently with a diagnosis of septicemia, acute osteomyelitis, urgent admissions, infection with MRSA, being over 64 and female.
Conclusions:
The incidence of hospitalisations for osteomyelitis in Spain is substantial. Sepsis, being over 64 and MRSA infection are important risk factors for death.
Insights
Osteomyelitis hospitalizations in Spain are common, with significant mortality risks. Sepsis, advanced age, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are key factors contributing to death in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Osteomyelitis, a serious bone infection, poses a significant public health challenge.
- Understanding its incidence and mortality is crucial for effective healthcare management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and in-hospital mortality rates of osteomyelitis among patients hospitalized in Spain.
- To identify risk factors associated with mortality in osteomyelitis cases.
Main Methods:
- An observational study utilizing the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) for hospital discharge from 1997 to 2014.
- Analysis of 29,290 cases with a primary diagnosis of osteomyelitis.
Main Results:
- The incidence of osteomyelitis hospitalizations was 3.85 cases per 100,000 inhabitants annually.
- In-hospital mortality was 1.72%, with higher rates for sepsis (27.12%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection (5.5%), and individuals over 64 (4.65%).
- Multivariate analysis identified sepsis, acute osteomyelitis, urgent admissions, MRSA infection, age over 64, and female sex as independent mortality predictors.
Conclusions:
- Osteomyelitis hospitalizations represent a substantial burden in Spain.
- Sepsis, advanced age, and MRSA infection are critical risk factors for mortality in osteomyelitis patients.
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