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Masticatory function and bite force of mandibular single-implant overdentures and complete dentures: a randomized
Thuy Lam Vo1, Manabu Kanazawa1, Khaing Myat Thu1
1Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research
|April 9, 2019
Summary
Single-implant overdentures (IODs) significantly improve mixing ability (MA), comminuting ability (CA), and maximum bite force (MBF) compared to conventional complete dentures (CDs). IODs offer superior restoration of mandibular function for edentulous patients.
Area of Science:
- Dental prosthetics
- Biomaterials science
- Oral rehabilitation
Background:
- Complete dentures (CDs) often provide suboptimal restoration of oral functions.
- Edentulism significantly impacts masticatory performance and bite force.
- Single-implant overdentures (IODs) are a potential alternative for improving function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the mixing ability (MA), comminuting ability (CA), and maximum bite force (MBF) of single-implant overdentures (IODs) versus complete dentures (CDs).
- To evaluate the efficacy of IODs in restoring masticatory function in edentulous mandibles.
- To assess the functional differences between new and old CDs and IODs.
Main Methods:
- A randomized crossover control trial was conducted with 22 edentulous patients.
- Patients received either an IOD or a new CD for 2 months, followed by a crossover period.
- MA, CA, and MBF were measured using existing CDs, newly fabricated CDs, and IODs.
Main Results:
- IODs demonstrated significantly higher MA, CA, and MBF compared to both old and new CDs (p < 0.01).
- New CDs showed a significant improvement only in MA (p < 0.05) over old CDs.
- No significant differences were found in CA and MBF between old and new CDs.
Conclusions:
- Single-implant overdentures are more effective than complete dentures in restoring masticatory function.
- IODs significantly enhance mixing ability, comminuting ability, and maximum bite force.
- For edentulous mandibles, IODs provide superior functional rehabilitation compared to conventional CDs.
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