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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR
Published on: January 16, 2016
Detection of Enteroviruses and Bacterial Indicators and Pathogens in Louisiana Oysters and Their Overlying Waters
Mary Townsend Cole1, Marilyn B Kilgen1, Lawrence A Reily1
1Department of Food Science, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 and Department of Biology, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, Louisiana 70830.
Abstract:
Field studies were conducted for 1 year to determine levels of enteroviruses in Louisiana Gulf Coast oysters and their overlying waters. Levels of human enteric viruses were compared with bacterial pathogens ( Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus ), fecal coliform levels, and physicochemical water parameters (pH, salinity, temperature, and conductivity). Samples of 20-30 oysters and 380 L of overlying water were collected monthly from both "open" and "closed" oyster growing areas. Enteric viruses were found predominantly in January and February. Viruses were isolated only from areas which exceeded the 14 fecal coliforms/100 ml standard for shellfish harvesting waters.
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