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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Quantifying Three-Dimensional Cell Migration Within and Into Granular Hydrogel Biomaterials
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Quantifying Three-Dimensional Cell Migration Within and Into Granular Hydrogel Biomaterials

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Hydrogel Biomaterials for Stem Cell Microencapsulation.

Goeun Choe1, Junha Park2, Hansoo Park3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea. ch70005@gist.ac.kr.

Polymers
|April 10, 2019
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Microencapsulating stem cells in hydrogels improves their survival and therapeutic efficacy for tissue regeneration. This review covers methods and materials for effective stem cell delivery via microgels.

Keywords:
hydrogelmicroencapsulationstem celltissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Stem cell transplantation shows promise for tissue regeneration but suffers from low cell survival and poor engraftment.
  • Current hydrogel delivery methods face limitations in safety and effectiveness for in vivo applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for stem cell microencapsulation in hydrogels.
  • To discuss natural and synthetic polymers used for stem cell microencapsulation.
  • To highlight the potential of microencapsulated stem cells for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stem cell microencapsulation techniques.
  • Analysis of natural and synthetic polymers utilized in hydrogel-based stem cell delivery.
  • Discussion of in vivo transplantation of microencapsulated stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Stem cell microencapsulation in hydrogels enhances cell survival and engraftment.
  • Micro-sized hydrogels allow for minimally invasive administration and site-specific delivery.
  • Tailored hydrogel microenvironments can provide specific cellular signals for improved therapeutic activity.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell microencapsulation in uniform micro-sized hydrogels is a promising strategy for regenerative medicine.
  • This approach overcomes limitations associated with bulk hydrogel delivery and enhances stem cell therapeutic potential.
  • Further research into novel polymers and microencapsulation techniques will advance stem cell-based therapies.