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Related Concept Videos

Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

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Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

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Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

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A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Spin Filtering in CrI3 Tunnel Junctions.

Tula R Paudel1, Evgeny Y Tsymbal1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience , University of Nebraska , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals crystals like CrI3 exhibit tunable magnetism. This study reveals near-perfect spin polarization and significant tunneling magnetoresistance in CrI3-based junctions, paving the way for new spintronic devices.

Keywords:
2D magnetCrI3DFT calculationsspin filteringtunnel junctiontunneling magnetoresistance

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals crystals have emerged as a significant area of research due to their unique magnetic properties.
  • Chromium triiodide (CrI3) is a notable example, displaying transitions between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states under external magnetic fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spin-dependent transport phenomena in tunnel junctions utilizing CrI3 as a tunnel barrier.
  • To understand the underlying mechanisms governing spin filtering and magnetoresistance in these novel heterostructures.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were employed.
  • The study focused on tunnel junctions composed of face-centered cubic copper (Cu(111)) electrodes and a CrI3 tunnel barrier.

Main Results:

  • A spin polarization of approximately 100% was observed for the tunneling current in a ferromagnetically ordered four-monolayer CrI3 barrier.
  • A remarkable tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of about 3000% was found, linked to magnetic ordering changes in CrI3.
  • Sizable charge transfer from Cu to CrI3 was identified, influencing the spin filtering mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • The spin and wave-vector-dependent evanescent states within CrI3 are crucial for controlling tunneling conductance and spin filtering.
  • These findings offer significant insights into the operation of CrI3-based tunnel junctions and guide the development of advanced magnetoresistive devices utilizing 2D magnetic materials.