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Related Concept Videos

Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
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Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

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Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
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Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
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Perception01:28

Perception

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
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Soundness of Cement01:17

Soundness of Cement

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The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create...
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Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

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Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

The Plant Infection Test: Spray and Wound-Mediated Inoculation with the Plant Pathogen Magnaporthe Grisea
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The Plant Infection Test: Spray and Wound-Mediated Inoculation with the Plant Pathogen Magnaporthe Grisea

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Sound perception in plants.

I Khait1, U Obolski2, Y Yovel3

  • 1School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|April 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plants can perceive airborne sounds, with potential adaptive benefits. This emerging field, phytoacoustics, studies plant sound detection and emission, revealing responses from gene expression to pathogen resistance.

Keywords:
AirborneCommunicationMechanoreceptorsPhytoacousticsPlant bioacousticsSignalingSoundSound wavesSpectrumVibration

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Bioacoustics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Plants exist in an environment rich with biotic and abiotic sounds.
  • Sound perception in plants could offer significant adaptive advantages.
  • The field of phytoacoustics is emerging to study plant acoustics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging field of phytoacoustics.
  • To explore evidence of plant responses to sound.
  • To discuss the ecological significance of plant sound perception.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on plant sound emission and detection.
  • Focus on airborne sound effects on plants.
  • Examination of plant morphological adaptations to sound.

Main Results:

  • Plants exhibit responses to sound, including changes in gene expression.
  • Sound perception can influence pathogen resistance and nectar composition.
  • Evidence suggests plants emit sounds and possess morphological adaptations to acoustics.

Conclusions:

  • Plants can perceive and respond to airborne sounds.
  • Phytoacoustics is a developing field with significant ecological implications.
  • Understanding plant sound interactions is crucial for comprehending plant adaptation.