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Optics-less focusing of XUV high-order harmonics
L Quintard1, V Strelkov2,3, J Vabek1
1Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Laser Intenses et Applications (CELIA), 43 rue P. Noailles, 33400 Talence, France.
Science Advances
|April 12, 2019
Summary
Researchers demonstrate fine control over ultrashort extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) beams generated in gases. These beams can be focused without optics, with controllable focal positions and sizes, advancing attosecond science.
Area of Science:
- Quantum optics
- Ultrafast science
- Nonlinear optics
Background:
- High-order harmonic generation (HHG) produces ultrashort extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses.
- Controlling the spatial properties of XUV beams is crucial for applications.
- Traditional focusing methods for XUV light are challenging due to absorption.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate and analyze optics-less focusing of HHG beams.
- To investigate the control over spatial characteristics of XUV beams.
- To explore the potential for generating intense XUV fields with controllable focusing.
Main Methods:
- Experimental study of HHG in a thin gas medium using a single fundamental beam.
- Utilizing a spatially chirped probe beam to analyze XUV beam evolution.
- Development and application of an analytical model for XUV beam propagation.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated that XUV beams can be emitted as converging beams, enabling post-generation focusing.
- Showed that XUV foci sizes and positions vary significantly with harmonic order.
- Confirmed that the XUV beam waist can be positioned at arbitrary distances from the generation medium.
- Achieved excellent agreement between the analytical model and experimental measurements.
Conclusions:
- Optics-less focusing of HHG beams is achievable and controllable.
- The harmonic order-dependent spatial characteristics allow for flexible XUV beam shaping.
- This method offers a pathway to generating intense XUV fields for applications in attosecond science and broadband XUV irradiation.
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