Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels
Published on: July 3, 2025
Rodent Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Changes Associated With Static Cold Storage
E Gok1, A Rojas-Pena2, R H Bartlett2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of static cold storage preservation on skeletal muscle metabolism using a rodent model.
Methods:
Sixteen male Lewis rats (250 ± 25 g) were distributed into 4 groups, including naive control, warm ischemia for 2 hours, static warm storage for 6 hours, and static cold storage for 6 hours. Energy status, metabolomics profiling, and histopathology of the muscle were analyzed.
Results:
In the warm ischemia and static warm storage groups, glycolytic pathway metabolites decreased, but the Krebs cycle metabolite of succinate and the purine degradation product of hypoxanthine accumulated. Increased succinate and hypoxanthine levels were associated with increased injury severity scores. During static cold storage, the glycolytic pathway activity and the energy status were preserved. Succinate and hypoxanthine levels showed no significant difference from the naive group.
Conclusion:
Warm ischemia results in reduced glycolysis and Krebs cycle metabolites. Static cold storage preserves the glycolytic pathway and represents a favorable contribution to cellular energy demand. Succinate and hypoxanthine might be used as novel potential biomarkers for the assessment of viability and injury severity.
Related Concept Videos
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open....
Overview of Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Naming Skeletal Muscles
The key factors used in naming muscles include:

