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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers01:48

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers

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Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
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The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open....
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Overview of Skeletal Muscle01:15

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Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
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Skeletal Muscle Anatomy00:55

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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
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Naming Skeletal Muscles01:19

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The naming of the approximately 700 muscles in the human body is based on a set of criteria designed to provide descriptive information about each muscle, making it easier to identify and remember them.
The key factors used in naming muscles include:
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Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels
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Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels

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Rodent Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Changes Associated With Static Cold Storage.

E Gok1, A Rojas-Pena2, R H Bartlett2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.

Transplantation Proceedings
|April 14, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Static cold storage preserves skeletal muscle metabolism and energy status, unlike warm ischemia which reduces glycolysis. Succinate and hypoxanthine may serve as biomarkers for muscle injury assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Cellular Metabolism

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle preservation is critical for transplantation and research.
  • Understanding metabolic changes during preservation is essential for optimizing outcomes.
  • Current preservation methods require evaluation for their impact on muscle viability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of static cold storage on skeletal muscle metabolism.
  • To compare cold storage with warm ischemia and warm storage conditions.
  • To identify potential biomarkers of muscle injury and viability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a rodent model with four experimental groups: naive control, warm ischemia, static warm storage, and static cold storage.
  • Analyzed muscle energy status, performed metabolomics profiling, and conducted histopathological assessments.
  • Quantified key metabolites including glycolytic pathway intermediates, Krebs cycle products, and purine degradation products.

Main Results:

  • Warm ischemia and static warm storage led to decreased glycolytic metabolites and accumulation of succinate and hypoxanthine.
  • Increased succinate and hypoxanthine levels correlated with higher muscle injury scores.
  • Static cold storage maintained glycolytic pathway activity and energy status, with no significant changes in succinate or hypoxanthine compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Warm ischemia significantly impairs skeletal muscle glycolysis and Krebs cycle activity.
  • Static cold storage effectively preserves muscle glycolytic function and cellular energy.
  • Succinate and hypoxanthine show potential as novel biomarkers for assessing skeletal muscle viability and injury severity.