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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
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Sleep Preserves Physiological Arousal in Emotional Memory.

Jennifer E Ashton1, Marcus O Harrington1, Anna Á Váli Guttesen1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.

Scientific Reports
|April 14, 2019
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Sleep preserves cardiac arousal associated with emotional memories, unlike wakefulness. This suggests sleep enhances emotional memory consolidation by maintaining physiological responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Traumatic experiences increase emotional arousal.
  • Sleep consolidates emotional memory content.
  • The effect of sleep on emotional arousal responses is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of sleep versus wakefulness on psychophysiological and subjective reactivity during emotional memory retrieval.
  • To investigate how sleep influences arousal responses associated with emotional memories.

Main Methods:

  • Participants rated negative and neutral images, with heart rate deceleration (HRD) and skin conductance responses (SCRs) monitored.
  • After a 12-hour sleep or wake delay, participants underwent an image recognition task with repeated monitoring.
  • Affective ratings, HRD, and SCRs were analyzed for previously-encoded ('old') and novel images.

Main Results:

  • Heart rate deceleration (HRD) responses to previously-encoded negative images were preserved after sleep but diminished after wakefulness.
  • No significant differences in HRD were found for novel negative images, ruling out generalized overnight visceral activity or circadian factors.
  • Sleep did not significantly affect skin conductance responses (SCRs) or subjective ratings.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac arousal associated with emotional memory encoding is subject to sleep-dependent plasticity.
  • Sleep may play a role in consolidating the arousal component of emotional memories, similar to its role in consolidating episodic content.