Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

32.2K
Overview
32.2K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.4K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.4K
Contact-dependent Signaling01:19

Contact-dependent Signaling

46.9K
Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
46.9K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

7.9K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
7.9K
Contact Angle01:13

Contact Angle

18.3K
When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive...
18.3K
Absolute and Local Extreme Values01:22

Absolute and Local Extreme Values

59
The highest and lowest values of a function, relative to a reference axis, are known as extreme values. These include absolute maximum and absolute minimum values, which represent the highest and lowest points the function reaches across its entire domain. Within a restricted portion of the function, the highest and lowest values are referred to as local maximum and local minimum values, respectively.Periodic functions, such as sine and cosine, show extreme values at infinitely many points due...
59

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Direct Area Measurement by Preset Grid Method in Plaque Psoriasis Using Patient Sent Images (Teledermatology) and In-Person Consultation for Follow up Care: A Comparative, Non-Interventional Validation Study.

Indian journal of dermatology·2025
Same author

Box counting serial image index (BCSI) versus point counting serial image index (PCSI) in scoring melasma: A comparative, non-interventional validation study.

Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology·2025
Same author

Prevalence of polysensitivity in allergic contact dermatitis: A five-year retrospective study.

Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology·2025
Same author

Modified Tinea Corporis Score (mTCS) Versus Tinea Corporis Score (TCS): A Comparative, Noninterventional Validation Study.

Mycoses·2025
Same author

Clinically observed geometric melasma area patterns (GMAPs) and its significance in area assessment: a cross-sectional study of 242 cases.

Archives of dermatological research·2024
Same author

Three-part scoring system (tripartite) for teledermatology versus International Contact Dermatitis Research Group criteria to interpret patch test readings: A comparative, observational study.

Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
08:25

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

3.5K

Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities.

Bommireddy Vinay Kumar1, P Kombettu Ashwini1, Garehatty Rudrappa Kanthraj1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|April 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) of the lower extremities is often caused by common allergens like potassium dichromate and nickel. Polysensitization to chemicals in footwear and topical products is frequent.

Keywords:
Allergic contact dermatitislower extremitiesnickelpatch testpotassium dichromate

More Related Videos

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
08:02

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation

Published on: March 24, 2023

4.9K
Lipid Bilayer Experiments with Contact Bubble Bilayers for Patch-Clampers
07:18

Lipid Bilayer Experiments with Contact Bubble Bilayers for Patch-Clampers

Published on: January 16, 2019

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
08:25

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

3.5K
A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
08:02

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation

Published on: March 24, 2023

4.9K
Lipid Bilayer Experiments with Contact Bubble Bilayers for Patch-Clampers
07:18

Lipid Bilayer Experiments with Contact Bubble Bilayers for Patch-Clampers

Published on: January 16, 2019

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Contact Dermatitis

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) incidence is rising on lower extremities.
  • Contributing factors include topical preparations, occupational exposures, and chemicals in footwear manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common allergens causing ACD on lower extremities.
  • To investigate patterns of polysensitization in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 80 patients over 18 months.
  • Demographic and clinical data collection.
  • Patch testing using the Indian standard series with readings at 48 and 96 hours.

Main Results:

  • Potassium dichromate (35%) and nickel sulfate (23.5%) were the most frequent allergens.
  • Neomycin was a common cause of dermatitis medicamentosa.
  • Polysensitization was observed with mercapto mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, and fragrance mix.

Conclusions:

  • Potassium dichromate and nickel are primary allergens for lower extremity ACD.
  • Mercapto mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, and fragrance mix are implicated in polysensitization.
  • Late patch test readings (≥96h) and screening topical product use are recommended.