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Enhanced Fermion Pairing and Superfluidity by an Imaginary Magnetic Field
1Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Iscience
|April 16, 2019
Summary
An imaginary magnetic field enhances fermion superfluidity by increasing pairing and reducing the spin gap. This contrasts with real magnetic fields and offers a new path to high-temperature fermion superfluids.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Mechanics
Background:
- Non-Hermitian systems with spin-dependent dissipation can host imaginary magnetic fields.
- Superfluidity in fermionic systems is crucial for understanding phenomena like superconductivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of an imaginary magnetic field (IMF) on s-wave pairing and superfluidity in spin-1/2 fermions.
- To compare the IMF's impact with that of a real magnetic field.
- To explore potential routes for achieving high-temperature fermion superfluidity.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical analysis of spin-1/2 fermions in non-Hermitian systems.
- Utilizing two-body exact solutions and many-body mean-field theory.
- Examining systems with and without spin-orbit coupling.
Main Results:
- An imaginary magnetic field significantly enhances s-wave pairing and superfluidity.
- The enhancement is due to an increased low-energy coupling constant and a reduced spin gap for singlet pair formation.
- This effect is observed across various fermionic systems.
Conclusions:
- Imaginary magnetic fields offer a distinct and powerful mechanism for promoting fermion superfluidity.
- The findings suggest a novel approach to designing materials with high superfluid transition temperatures.
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