Psychiatric Manifestations With Sacubitril/Valsartan: A Case Report

Jessica Wooster1, Elizabeth A Cook1, Denver Shipman1

  • 1University of Texas at Tyler, Ben and Maytee Fisch College of Pharmacy, Tyler, TX, USA.

Insights

Sacubitril/valsartan, a heart failure medication, may cause psychiatric side effects like paranoia and hallucinations. Discontinuation of the drug led to symptom resolution in a patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sacubitril/valsartan is an established treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
  • While valsartan is well-characterized, the neurocognitive effects of sacubitril, the neprilysin inhibitor component, require further investigation.
  • Understanding potential adverse effects is crucial for patient safety and optimizing therapy.

Observation:

  • A 31-year-old African American female with HFrEF experienced acute psychiatric symptoms including paranoia, delusions, and hallucinations after a sacubitril/valsartan dose increase.
  • The patient had no prior psychiatric history; symptoms emerged over 7 days.
  • Cranial CT revealed intracranial volume loss and mild ventricular enlargement, abnormal for age.

Findings:

  • Psychiatric symptoms resolved upon discontinuation of sacubitril/valsartan, indicating medication intolerance.
  • Laboratory tests and toxicology screens were negative, excluding infectious or substance-induced causes.
  • The observed neurological changes suggest a potential link between sacubitril/valsartan and central nervous system effects.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for sacubitril/valsartan to induce psychiatric adverse effects, necessitating careful monitoring.
  • Further research into neprilysin inhibition's role in cognitive function is warranted.
  • Clinicians should consider psychiatric evaluation in HFrEF patients experiencing new-onset neurological or behavioral changes while on sacubitril/valsartan.

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