Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026
09:57
Characterizing Microbiome Dynamics – Flow Cytometry Based Workflows from Pure Cultures to Natural Communities
Published on: July 12, 2018
12.5K
Casing microbiome dynamics during button mushroom cultivation: implications for dry and wet bubble diseases
Jaime Carrasco1,2, Maria Luisa Tello1, Maria de Toro3
12Centro Tecnológico de Investigación del Champiñón de La Rioja (CTICH), Autol, Spain.
Microbiology (Reading, England)
|April 18, 2019
Summary
Mushroom casing materials support diverse microbes. While black peat and mixed casings yielded more mushrooms, they didn't prevent disease from high fungal loads, suggesting natural microbial communities offer limited disease suppression.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Microbiology
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Mushroom cultivation relies on casing materials, creating a niche for diverse bacteria and fungi.
- Dry bubble (Lecanicillium fungicola) and wet bubble (Mycogone perniciosa) are significant diseases in mushroom farming.
- Understanding casing material's role in disease suppression is crucial for yield optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the disease suppressive capacity of different casing materials (blonde peat, black peat, mixture) against common mushroom pathogens.
- To analyze the casing microbiome composition throughout the cultivation cycle using next-generation sequencing (NGS).
- To investigate the influence of casing microbiota on pathogen presence and disease development.
Main Methods:
- Three casing materials were tested for their natural suppressive response to Lecanicillium fungicola and Mycogone perniciosa.
- Mushroom yield was measured for each casing material under natural and artificial infection conditions.
- Bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS2 regions were sequenced using NGS to profile the casing microbiome.
- Microbiome composition was analyzed in casing, compost, and basidiomes throughout the crop cycle.
Main Results:
- Mixed and black peat casing materials yielded the highest mushroom production, with no significant difference between them.
- Artificial infections led to similar yield losses across all casing materials, indicating limited disease suppression.
- Mushroom cultivation altered casing microbiome: bacterial diversity increased, fungal diversity decreased, and composition stabilized.
- Basidiome bacterial communities were influenced by casing microbiota; Lecanicillium fungicola was detected even in healthy crops.
Conclusions:
- Casing materials alone do not provide significant disease suppression against high pathogen loads.
- Naturally established casing microbiota may offer some disease control at low inoculum levels.
- NGS analysis of casing microbiome composition is key for developing targeted microbial interventions for disease management.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
3.4K
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
3.4K
01:30Dry Friction
950
Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
950
01:21Drying Shrinkage
365
When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
365
01:21Characteristics of Dry Friction
968
Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
968
02:20Dynamic Equilibrium
62.1K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
62.1K
00:52Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates
6.3K
After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
6.3K