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Effect of hopper angle on granular clogging.

Diego López-Rodríguez1, Diego Gella1, Kiwing To2

  • 1Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Navarra, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Increasing hopper angle significantly reduces grain clogging in silos. Larger angles also cause stepwise avalanche size growth, unlike smooth growth in flat-bottom silos, due to geometric constraints on arch formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Granular Mechanics
  • Material Science

Background:

  • Granular materials often exhibit clogging when discharged from silos.
  • Hopper geometry is a critical factor influencing flow and clogging behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of hopper angle on grain clogging in a 2D silo.
  • To analyze the relationship between hopper angle, outlet size, and avalanche dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental setup simulating grain discharge from a 2D silo.
  • Systematic variation of hopper angle and outlet size.
  • Observation and measurement of clogging probability and avalanche size.

Main Results:

  • Clogging probability decreases by three orders of magnitude with increasing hopper angle.
  • Avalanche size exhibits stepwise growth with outlet size for large hopper angles.
  • Hopper geometry imposes constraints on the formation of flow-arresting arches.

Conclusions:

  • Hopper angle is a key parameter for controlling grain flow and preventing clogging.
  • The observed stepwise avalanche growth is attributed to geometric restrictions on arch stability.
  • Understanding these granular flow dynamics is crucial for silo design and material handling.