[Progression of Chronic Heart Failure: Prognostic Criteria and Non-Drug Prevention]

to study frequency of progression of chronic heart failure (CHF), to develop multifactorial models for evaluation of risk of progression, and measures of non-drug secondary prevention of CHF.

We included in this study 531 patients with functional class (FC) I-III CHF (FC I - n=254, FC II - n=255, FC III - n=22). Examination included clinical-instrumental, clinical-functional, and laboratory (with determination of NT-proBNP concentration) investigations, use of the AUDIT and Morisky Green questionnaires.

Rate of CHF progression for 24 months was 11.7 % (FC I - 16.1, FC II - 7.8, FC III - 4.5 %). Irrespective of FC significant factors of CHF progression were history of myocardial infarction, and low adherence to treatment. Additional prognostic criteria of increase of CHF FC I to FC II were age >74 years, excessive body mass, disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism, arterial hypertension, and frequent intake of alcohol. FC II CHF progression was associated with such factors as type 2 diabetes, 3‑degree arterial hypertension, permanent atrial fibrillation, and smoking. Using these prognostic criteria, we developed multifactor models, based on which scales for assessing the risk of FC I and II CHF progression were created. These models demonstrated high accuracy of prognosis and good reproducibility (on independent test samples of patients with CHF FC I and FC II prognostic accuracy was 86.3 и 85.5 %, respectively). We also developed a program of secondary non-drug prevention of CHF progression,  with inclusion of structured dynamic education of patients with organization of control and self-control of knowledge quality. After this therapeutic education progression CHF in high risk patients was 2.2 %.

Complex application of scores for evaluation of risk of FC I-II CHF progression and the program of secondary non-drug prevention determined lowering of frequency of increases of class of CHF severity from 11.7 to 2.2 %.