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Updated: Jan 26, 2026
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Transdermal Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Mice
Published on: October 21, 2018
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In vitro transdermal absorption of Al2O3 nanoparticles
Marcella Mauro1, Matteo Crosera2, Massimo Bovenzi1
1Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via della Pietà 19, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
Summary
Aluminium nanoparticles (AlNPs) in antiperspirants show minimal skin permeation. This study found negligible transdermal penetration of AlNPs in both intact and abraded human skin, suggesting a safe exposure profile.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Dermatology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Dermal exposure to Aluminium nanoparticles (AlNPs) is common via antiperspirant use.
- Limited data exists on AlNP transdermal permeation.
- AlNPs are found in various consumer products, necessitating safety assessments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro transdermal permeation of Aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3NPs).
- To assess AlNP penetration through intact and abraded human skin.
- To determine the safety profile of AlNPs in cosmetic applications.
Main Methods:
- In vitro permeation study using excised human skin in Franz cells.
- Exposure of skin to 30-60 nm Al2O3NPs dispersed in synthetic sweat.
- Analysis of Aluminium content in skin layers and receiving solutions after 24 hours.
Main Results:
- Trace amounts of Aluminium were detected in the receiving solutions for both intact and abraded skin.
- Aluminium levels in receiving solutions were not statistically significant.
- Significant amounts of Aluminium were found within the skin layers, but permeation was minimal.
- Al content was similar in epidermal and dermal layers for both skin types.
Conclusions:
- Aluminium oxide nanoparticles exhibit a reassuringly low transdermal permeation profile.
- The detected Aluminium in receiving solutions may be attributed to background impurities.
- Findings suggest minimal risk associated with dermal exposure to AlNPs from antiperspirants.
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