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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Obtaining Cancer Stem Cell Spheres from Gynecological and Breast Cancer Tumors
Published on: March 1, 2020
Immunotherapy of gynecological cancers
Emad Matanes1, Walter H Gotlieb1
1Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Abstract:
Oncology treatments have evolved from intuitive, via empiric, to the present precision medicine, with the integration of molecular targeted therapies in our treatment arsenal. The use of the patients' powerful immune system has long been contemplated and recently led to the integration of immunotherapy to overturn the well-documented inhibitory effects of the tumor on the immune system and restore it to a state of activity against the cancer. Recent favorable results have shown the value and effectiveness of immunotherapy against gynecological cancers. In particular, the checkpoint inhibitors, targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway, have shown durable clinical responses with manageable toxicity. Several phase II and III clinical trials testing the association of different regimen of chemotherapy and immunotherapy are ongoing in gynecological cancers, and important results are expected. In this chapter, we outline the main principles of immunotherapy for gynecological cancers and summarize the current strategies used in clinical trials.
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