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Why we must question the militarisation of conservation
Rosaleen Duffy1, Francis Massé1, Emile Smidt2
1University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Biological Conservation
|April 23, 2019
Summary
Militarizing conservation efforts to combat poaching may harm wildlife, local communities, and rangers. Critical evaluation is needed to avoid negative impacts and ensure effective long-term wildlife conservation.
Area of Science:
- Conservation Science
- Environmental Criminology
- Peace and Conflict Studies
Background:
- Rising concerns over wildlife poaching and trafficking necessitate urgent conservation responses.
- Militarisation of conservation is proposed as a solution, but carries significant potential consequences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically engage with the militarisation of conservation.
- To synthesize emerging critiques of militarised conservation strategies.
- To identify potential negative impacts on wildlife, local communities, and implementing personnel.
Main Methods:
- Literature synthesis of emerging critiques on militarised conservation.
- Identification and analysis of five major themes in critical perspectives.
- Exploration of the definition of poaching, community and ranger experiences, links to armed conflict, and political-economic dynamics.
Main Results:
- Five key themes emerge: definition of poaching, local community experiences, ranger experiences, conservation-related violence in conflict zones, and political-economic contexts.
- Militarised conservation can exacerbate violence and lead to adverse outcomes for people and wildlife.
Conclusions:
- A critical engagement with conservation militarisation is essential.
- Failure to critically assess these strategies risks worsening human and wildlife outcomes.
- Improved conservation strategies require a nuanced understanding beyond militarisation.
Keywords:
Anti-poachingHuman-wildlife conflictMilitarisationPoachingPolitical economyProtected areasRangersTraffickingViolenceWildlife tradeMore Related Videos
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