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Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm presenting with massive rectal bleeding.

Rishard Abdul1, Sachin Teelucksingh2, Michael Omar3

  • 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York: Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.

Radiology Case Reports
|April 24, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysms are rare and often fatal. This case highlights successful diagnosis using noncontrast CT, offering crucial radiologic features for identifying this life-threatening condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Splenic artery pseudoaneurysms are uncommon vascular lesions.
  • Rupture of these pseudoaneurysms can lead to severe, life-threatening hemorrhage.
  • Alcoholic pancreatitis is a known risk factor for splenic artery pseudoaneurysm formation.

Observation:

  • A 48-year-old male with a history of alcoholic pancreatitis presented with massive rectal bleeding.
  • The bleeding was caused by a ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysm eroding into the transverse colon.
  • Diagnosis was achieved using noncontrast computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen.

Findings:

  • This case represents the first reported instance of diagnosing a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture via noncontrast CT.
  • Specific radiologic features on noncontrast CT were identified that facilitated the diagnosis.
  • The findings underscore the potential utility of noncontrast CT in specific clinical scenarios.

Implications:

  • Noncontrast CT may be a valuable diagnostic tool for splenic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture when contrast-enhanced imaging is unavailable or contraindicated.
  • Early recognition of radiologic signs is critical for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.
  • This case expands the diagnostic possibilities for splenic artery injuries, particularly in resource-limited settings or emergencies.