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Consensus and variations in cell line specificity among human metapneumovirus strains
Naganori Nao1, Ko Sato2, Junya Yamagishi3
1Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
Plos One
|April 24, 2019
Summary
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infects cells differently depending on the strain. VeroE6 and LLC-MK2 cells show the highest HMPV infectivity, while other cell lines exhibit variable results not linked to specific viral traits.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Respiratory Infections
Background:
- Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a significant cause of acute respiratory illness.
- HMPV discovery was delayed due to limited cell line replication and mild cytopathic effects (CPE).
- Recombinant HMPV strains expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) aid HMPV research, but cell line specificity varies among strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-evaluate and compare the cell line specificity of various HMPV clinical isolates and recombinant strains.
- To investigate the infectivity of novel HMPV A2b strains with a 180-nucleotide duplication in the G gene.
- To understand the factors influencing HMPV replication efficiency across different cell lines.
Main Methods:
- Infectivity assays using clinical HMPV isolates and recombinant HMPV-GFP strains.
- Comparison of HMPV replication in multiple human-derived cell lines (BEAS-2B, A549, HEK293, MNT-1, HeLa) and standard cell lines (VeroE6, LLC-MK2).
- Analysis of infectivity variations in relation to HMPV genotypes, isolation/propagation cell lines, genome mutations, and G gene duplications.
Main Results:
- VeroE6 and LLC-MK2 cells demonstrated the highest infectivity for all tested HMPV strains.
- Human-derived cell lines showed significantly lower and highly variable HMPV infectivity.
- Infectivity variations in suboptimal cell lines were strain-specific and not directly correlated with known genetic factors like G gene duplications or genotypes.
Conclusions:
- VeroE6 and LLC-MK2 cells are optimal for HMPV propagation and study.
- The intrinsic properties of specific HMPV strains significantly influence their infectivity in non-optimal cell lines.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind strain-specific variations in HMPV cell tropism.
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