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Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow
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A Continuous Flow-through Microfluidic Device for Electrical Lysis of Cells.

Ying-Jie Lo1, U Lei2

  • 1Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. d93543008@ntu.edu.tw.

Micromachines
|April 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A novel flow-through device offers continuous, high-volume cell lysis using electricity. This simple microchannel design achieves complete cell lysis within seconds, paving the way for efficient biomedical applications.

Keywords:
Maxwell stresscontinuous flow-through deviceelectrical cell lysishuman red blood cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Traditional cell lysis methods often involve complex 3D electrode structures.
  • There is a need for efficient, continuous, and scalable cell lysis techniques for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a simple flow-through microfluidic device for continuous and massive electrical cell lysis.
  • To investigate the mechanism of cell lysis within the device and assess the role of electric fields and fluid dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microchannel device with a planar electrode array on the bottom wall.
  • Application of alternating current (AC) voltages to lyse cells in human whole blood.
  • Calculation of electric field and Maxwell stress to analyze lysis mechanisms.
  • Investigation of electro-thermally induced cross-flow for cell transport.

Main Results:

  • Complete lysis of human whole blood cells was achieved within 7 seconds at a flow rate of 400 μL/hr using a 20 V peak-to-peak voltage at 1 MHz.
  • Cell lysis primarily occurred in the lower half-channel where electric fields exceeded the irreversible electroporation threshold.
  • Electro-thermally induced cross-flow was identified as crucial for transporting cells to the lysis zone.
  • Calculated Maxwell shear stress was significantly lower than mechanical lysis thresholds, suggesting mechanical assistance could enhance lysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed flow-through device provides an efficient and scalable method for continuous electrical cell lysis.
  • The lysis mechanism involves a combination of electrical stress and electro-thermally induced cross-flow.
  • Further optimization by incorporating moderate mechanical stress may improve lysis efficiency.