The study of diabetic cataractogenesis in the intact rabbit lens by deuterium NMR spectroscopy

The polyol pathway has been implicated in the process of diabetic cataractogenesis. We report the use of deuterium (2H) spectroscopy for dynamically monitoring the polyol and glycolytic pathways in the single intact rabbit lens. Using 2H labeled C-1 D-glucose, the formation of sorbitol from glucose and the metabolism of sorbitol to fructose was dynamically monitored at 5.5 mM and 35.5 mM glucose concentrations. The accumulation of sorbitol at 35.5 mM glucose concentration was prevented by the inhibition of aldose reductase using an inhibitor (Sorbinil). 2H spectra were obtained in short acquisition times because of the short T1's of deuterated metabolites. A further advantage of 2H spectroscopy is that the natural abundance resonance of water (HDO) can be used as an internal reference standard. These findings confirm previous studies and demonstrate for the first time by NMR spectroscopy activity in the polyol pathway at low glucose concentrations.