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Implantation and Control of Wireless, Battery-free Systems for Peripheral Nerve Interfacing
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Miniature electroparticle-cuff for wireless peripheral neuromodulation.

Ana G Hernandez-Reynoso1,2, Shrenevas Nandam1, Jonathan M O'Brien3

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States of America.

Journal of Neural Engineering
|April 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a wireless neural stimulator (electroparticle; EP) integrated with cuff electrodes (EP-C) for peripheral nerve activation. The EP-C successfully demonstrated wireless neuromodulation of the rat sciatic nerve, showing potential for bioelectronic medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Bioelectronic Medicine
  • Neural Engineering
  • Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Background:

  • Current wired neuromodulation devices have limitations.
  • Wireless power and activation are needed for advanced bioelectronic medical applications.
  • Sub-millimeter inductively powered neural stimulators (electroparticle; EP) have been developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate the electroparticle (EP) onto commercial cuff electrodes (EP-C).
  • To enable wireless activation of peripheral nerves using the EP-C.
  • To evaluate the performance and efficacy of the EP-C for peripheral nerve neuromodulation.

Main Methods:

  • The EP was integrated with commercial cuff electrodes to create the EP-C device.
  • Device output was characterized under varying magnetic field strengths, antenna distances, and activation angles.
  • In vivo testing involved acute stimulation of the rat sciatic nerve (ScN).
  • Motor responses were quantified using 3D hind limb movement tracking.
  • Motor recruitment curves were generated by varying magnetic field strength, stimulation frequency, and pulse width.

Main Results:

  • The EP-C demonstrated constant output voltage over 50,400 cycles in benchtop tests.
  • Successful wireless activation of the ScN was achieved at a 4 cm antenna-receiver distance.
  • Optimal motor recruitment, indicated by maximal hind limb movement (6.01 ± 2.92 mm), was achieved with a magnetic field of 40.02 ± 2.85 A m⁻¹ and 150 µs pulse width.
  • Stimulation pulse width and frequency did not significantly impact motor recruitment.
  • Continuous stimulation did not deleteriously affect evoked motor responses compared to wired biphasic stimulation, though muscle fatigue caused a 36%-44% decrease in movement over time.

Conclusions:

  • The EP-C device effectively enables wireless peripheral nerve activation.
  • This technology holds promise for advancing bioelectronic medical applications by overcoming limitations of wired systems.
  • The EP-C is a viable tool for peripheral nerve neuromodulation.