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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
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A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
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Technology for Augmenting Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Management.

Michelle Condren, Samie Sabet, Laura J Chalmers

    The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT : the Official Journal of PPAG
    |April 26, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Technological advancements, including continuous glucose monitoring systems and insulin pump integration, are revolutionizing type 1 diabetes management. Future innovations promise even more sophisticated, personalized diabetes care solutions.

    Keywords:
    continuous glucose monitoringcontinuous subcutaneous infusionglucagoninsulininsulin infusion systemtype 1 diabetes mellitus

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Medical Technology
    • Diabetes Research

    Background:

    • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management has evolved significantly.
    • Technological innovations are central to improving T1DM care.
    • Current management focuses on advanced monitoring and automated insulin delivery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent technological advancements in type 1 diabetes management.
    • To highlight the impact of continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump integration.
    • To discuss emerging technologies in T1DM care.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of technological advancements in T1DM management.
    • Analysis of current continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) and insulin pump integrations.
    • Discussion of upcoming technologies like patch-based CGMS and dual-hormonal delivery systems.

    Main Results:

    • Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) offer diverse functionalities and cost options.
    • FDA-approved implantable CGMS and integrated CGMS-insulin pump systems are available.
    • CGMS-insulin pump integration enables automated basal rate adjustments and low glucose suspension.
    • Emerging technologies include patch-based CGMS and dual-hormonal delivery systems.

    Conclusions:

    • Technological advancements are transforming type 1 diabetes management.
    • Integrated systems offer improved glycemic control and safety through automated insulin delivery.
    • Future innovations are poised to provide more personalized and effective T1DM therapies.