Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after total hip arthroplasty

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

• Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is a rare neurological disorder.
• Guillain-Barré syndrome is the most common cause, with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy being the most frequent subtype.
• Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is diagnosed when symptoms persist beyond 8 weeks.

Observation:

• Few reports link acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy to total joint arthroplasty.
• This report describes the first known case of CIDP after total hip arthroplasty.
• The patient's condition was further complicated by hip dislocation.

Findings:

• Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy can develop following total hip arthroplasty.
• Hip dislocation presented as an additional complication in this rare post-arthroplasty neurological event.

Implications:

• This case highlights a potential, albeit rare, neurological complication of total hip arthroplasty.
• Further research may explore the mechanisms linking arthroplasty to demyelinating polyneuropathies.
• Awareness of this association is crucial for clinicians managing patients post-arthroplasty.