Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

Genome Annotation and Assembly

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

Genomics

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Complete sequencing of medaka genomes reveals the architecture of centromeric satellites, giant mobile elements, and sex chromosomes.

Genome research·2026

Same author

Tracing genome size dynamics in sharks and rays with inclusive sequence analysis by the Squalomix Consortium.

Genome research·2026

Same author

Epigenomic profiling of neuroendocrine lung cancers identifies a classical-neuroendocrine ASCL1/NKX2-1 subtype and a SOX11-associated differentiation axis linked to reduced immunogenicity.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026

Same author

The Greenland shark genome: Insights into lifespan extremes and population dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same author

Sustaining microglial reparative function enhances stroke recovery.

Nature·2026

Same author

ATAC-seq of low-input and cryopreserved primordial germ cells reveals functional enhancers.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

Evaluating Genome Assemblies and Gene Models Using gVolante.

Osamu Nishimura¹, Yuichiro Hara¹, Shigehiro Kuraku²

¹Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe, Japan.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|April 26, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Evaluating genome assembly quality is crucial. This study details using the gVolante web service for accurate completeness assessment of gene prediction, improving downstream biological analysis.

Keywords:

BUSCO CEGMA CVG Completeness assessment Ortholog

More Related Videos

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

Transient Gene Expression in Tobacco using Gibson Assembly and the Gene Gun

Transient Gene Expression in Tobacco using Gibson Assembly and the Gene Gun

Published on: April 18, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

Transient Gene Expression in Tobacco using Gibson Assembly and the Gene Gun

Transient Gene Expression in Tobacco using Gibson Assembly and the Gene Gun

Published on: April 18, 2014

Area of Science:

Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

De novo genome assembly and gene prediction require robust evaluation methods.
Traditional length-based statistics (e.g., N50) are insufficient for comprehensive quality control.
Assessing completeness via reference ortholog coverage is an increasingly vital approach.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a user-friendly platform for genome assembly completeness assessment.
To detail the procedures and technical tips for accurate quality control of gene prediction outputs.
To enhance the evaluation of genome assembly products for downstream biological research.

Main Methods:

Utilized the gVolante web service, integrating CEGMA and BUSCO pipelines.
Performed completeness assessments based on reference gene coverage and sequence lengths.
Focused on practical procedures and optimization for accurate assessment.

Main Results:

gVolante offers a uniform environment for completeness assessment.
Assessments provide scores considering both gene coverage and sequence length for multi-faceted quality control.
The study offers technical guidance for improving assessment accuracy.

Conclusions:

The gVolante web service facilitates reliable quality control of genome assemblies.
Comprehensive completeness assessment is essential for robust downstream biological analyses.
Accurate evaluation of genome assembly products ensures reliable scientific conclusions.