Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.0K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.0K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

17.6K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
17.6K
Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids02:26

Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids

54.4K
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
54.4K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

16.1K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.1K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.5K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.5K
Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

1.9K
Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Call For Papers: Molecular Understanding and Formulation Design for Peptide Delivery.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

BRPtools: An AutoML-Powered web platform for multiclass disease prediction from bulk blood RNA-seq data.

Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids·2026
Same author

Nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) promotes thyroid cancer dedifferentiation via BCAT1-mediated metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Identifying Optimal Drug Loading in Stable Amorphous Solid Dispersion Formulations: A Rheological Approach.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2026
Same author

Quantitative Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy for Pharmaceutical Analysis.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

GADD45B promotes apoptosis in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion through DNA demethylation of MST1/Hippo.

Chinese medical journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

16.0K

Molecular Interactions in Posaconazole Amorphous Solid Dispersions from Two-Dimensional Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy.

Xingyu Lu1, Chengbin Huang1,2, Michael B Lowinger1

  • 1Merck Research Laboratories (MRLs) , Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , New Jersey 07033 , United States.

Molecular Pharmaceutics
|April 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Solid-state NMR reveals molecular interactions in posaconazole amorphous solid dispersions. These findings provide a structural basis for optimizing drug-polymer interactions in amorphous formulations.

Keywords:
amorphous solid dispersionsfluorinated pharmaceuticalsmolecular interactionposaconazolesolid-state NMRtwo-dimensional spectroscopy

More Related Videos

Preparation of Fungal and Plant Materials for Structural Elucidation Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State NMR
09:37

Preparation of Fungal and Plant Materials for Structural Elucidation Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State NMR

Published on: February 12, 2019

7.9K
Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
05:20

Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials

Published on: January 26, 2014

19.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

16.0K
Preparation of Fungal and Plant Materials for Structural Elucidation Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State NMR
09:37

Preparation of Fungal and Plant Materials for Structural Elucidation Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State NMR

Published on: February 12, 2019

7.9K
Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
05:20

Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials

Published on: January 26, 2014

19.5K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Science
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are crucial for enhancing drug solubility and bioavailability.
  • Understanding molecular interactions between active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and polymers is key to ASD physical stability.
  • Detailed structural insights into these interactions are often lacking, hindering formulation optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To spectroscopically characterize posaconazole (POSA) amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) at a molecular level.
  • To elucidate the specific types and nature of molecular interactions between POSA and common ASD polymers.
  • To demonstrate the utility of advanced solid-state NMR techniques for probing pharmaceutical material structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized one- and two-dimensional (2D) solid-state NMR (ssNMR) techniques.
  • Employed spectral editing, heteronuclear polarization transfer (¹H-¹³C, ¹⁹F-¹³C, ¹⁵N-¹³C, ¹⁹F-¹H), and spin correlation.
  • Applied ultrafast magic angle spinning and isotopic labeling for site-specific analysis of POSA ASDs.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct molecular interactions between POSA's triazole and difluorophenyl rings and hypromellose acetate succinate and hypromellose phthalate.
  • Observed intermolecular hydrogen bonding (O-H···O═C, O-H···F-C), π-π aromatic packing, and electrostatic interactions.
  • Discovered that POSA's chlorine-to-fluorine substituent contributes to additional polymer contacts.

Conclusions:

  • 2D ssNMR is a powerful technique for characterizing sub-nanometer structures in pharmaceutical materials.
  • Detailed molecular interaction data provides a structural foundation for designing improved amorphous formulations.
  • Optimizing drug-polymer interactions is critical for enhancing the physical stability and performance of ASDs.