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Ceftriaxon in treatment of bacterial meningitis
Abstract:
The authors tested cephalosporin antibiotic of the 3rd generation--Ceftriaxon--in treatment of bacterial meningitis. After studying the infiltration of the antibiotic into the cerebrospinal fluid in 13 patients with parotitic meningoencephalitis, the authors treated 15 patients with bacterial meningitis. Ceftriaxon has been applied in 100 mg/kg in two doses i.v. The research antibiotic levels in cerebrospinal fluid varied from 10 to 30% of sera levels and were much higher than MIC for pathogens isolated from liquor. The treatment effects were very good the dropping of temperature followed on the 3-4 day, the 5-6, day under 100/3. The side effects showed a short time increasing of transaminases and diarrhoea. After completing the treatment normalisation occurred quickly. Other side effects have not occurred. The authors can state, Ceftriaxon in treatment of bacterial meningitis is a highly effective antibiotic.
Insights
Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, effectively treats bacterial meningitis. This study found Ceftriaxone achieved high cerebrospinal fluid levels and demonstrated significant clinical improvement with minimal side effects in patients.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Neurology
Background:
- Bacterial meningitis remains a critical global health concern.
- Effective antibiotic treatment with good cerebrospinal fluid penetration is essential.
- Third-generation cephalosporins are frequently used, but their efficacy in bacterial meningitis requires ongoing evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ceftriaxone in treating bacterial meningitis.
- To determine Ceftriaxone penetration into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- To compare CSF antibiotic levels with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for common bacterial pathogens.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 13 patients with parotitic meningoencephalitis to assess CSF infiltration.
- Treatment of 15 patients diagnosed with bacterial meningitis using Ceftriaxone.
- Intravenous administration of Ceftriaxone at 100 mg/kg in two daily doses.
Main Results:
- Ceftriaxone CSF levels ranged from 10% to 30% of serum levels.
- Achieved CSF concentrations were significantly higher than MICs for isolated pathogens.
- Clinical improvements, including fever reduction and normalization of vital signs, were observed within 3-6 days.
Conclusions:
- Ceftriaxone demonstrates high efficacy in treating bacterial meningitis.
- The antibiotic exhibits favorable penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid.
- Transient increases in transaminases and diarrhea were the main side effects, with rapid normalization post-treatment.