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Related Concept Videos

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Thermal Energy Microscopically, thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold”, which depends on the amount of thermal energy. When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE) (or higher thermal energy), and the object is perceived as “hot”, or it is described as being at a higher temperature. When the...
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Heat is a type of energy transfer that is caused by a temperature difference, and it can change the temperature of an object. Since heat is a form of energy, its SI unit is the joule (J). Another common unit of energy often used for heat is the calorie (cal), which is defined as the energy needed to change the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 °C, specifically between 14.5 °C and 15.5 °C, since the energy needed shows a slight temperature dependence. Another commonly used unit is...
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Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel
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Guide Field Reconnection: Exhaust Structure and Heating.

J P Eastwood1, R Mistry1, T D Phan2

  • 1The Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London London UK.

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|April 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetospheric Multiscale observations reveal guide field reconnection in Earth's magnetosheath creates uneven heating. Ions are heated, while electrons cool in specific regions due to electric fields affecting particle mixing.

Keywords:
Electron holeMagnetic ReconnectionMagnetosheathMagnetospheric MultiscalePlasma heating

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Area of Science:

  • Space Physics
  • Plasma Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process in plasma physics, crucial for energy transfer in astrophysical and space environments.
  • Guide field reconnection, where a magnetic field component is present perpendicular to the reconnecting fields, significantly influences the dynamics of the magnetosheath.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the detailed structure and temperature profiles within a guide field reconnection exhaust.
  • To analyze the role of electric and magnetic fields in particle heating and cooling in the magnetosheath exhaust.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft observations to gather in-situ data.
  • Analyzing asymmetric Hall electric and magnetic field signatures, density cavities, and electron/ion flow patterns.

Main Results:

  • Detected asymmetric Hall signatures and a density cavity with bidirectional electron flow.
  • Observed predominantly parallel ion and electron heating in the main exhaust, but electron cooling and enhanced parallel ion heating within the cavity.
  • Identified electron holes at the cavity edge and Hall magnetic field reversal.

Conclusions:

  • The parallel electric field plays a critical role in inhibiting electron mixing and accelerating ions within the cavity.
  • Guide field reconnection leads to inhomogeneous temperature changes for ions and electrons across the exhaust region.
  • These findings enhance our understanding of energy dissipation and particle acceleration during magnetic reconnection events.