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Related Concept Videos

Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

24.9K
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
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Strong Acid and Base Solutions03:22

Strong Acid and Base Solutions

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A strong acid is a compound that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution and produces a concentration of hydronium ions equal to the initial concentration of acid. For example, 0.20 M hydrobromic acid will dissociate completely in water and produces 0.20 M of hydronium ions and 0.20 M of bromide ions.
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

1.5K
The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
The α0 and α1 values...
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Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions02:11

Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions

9.4K
This lesson defines the leveling effect in acidic and basic solutions and its role in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. It is essential to understand the competing nature of various species in a chemical system.
The Leveling Effect of a Solvent
A generic acid (HA) reacts with the generic base (B-) to yield the corresponding conjugate base (A-) and conjugate acid (HB):
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Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation03:12

Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation

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Boiling Point Elevation
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Fabrication of Fully Solution Processed Inorganic Nanocrystal Photovoltaic Devices
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A simple micropump based on a freeze-dried superabsorbent polymer for multiplex solution processing in disposable

Gokul Chandra Biswas1, Md Mohosin Rana1, Takekoshi Kazuhiro2

  • 1Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.

Royal Society Open Science
|April 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A novel micropump utilizes a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) disc for fluidic control in disposable devices. This simple, adjustable SAP pump, integrated with a switchable valve, enables automated solution processing for bioassays.

Keywords:
disposable devicemicropumpsodium polyacrylatesolution processingsuperabsorbentswitchable valve

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices require precise fluid handling for various applications.
  • Existing micropump technologies can be complex or costly for disposable systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, cost-effective micropump for disposable microfluidic devices.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using superabsorbent polymers (SAP) for fluid actuation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a micropump using a freeze-dried superabsorbent polymer (SAP) disc.
  • Integration of the SAP pump with a switchable hydrophobic valve.
  • Characterization of pump performance based on SAP composition, size, and channel dimensions.

Main Results:

  • The SAP disc effectively absorbs solutions, causing swelling and generating a pumping action.
  • Constant absorption rates were achieved and tunable by varying physical and chemical parameters.
  • The integrated system demonstrated controllable pumping initiated by an electrical signal.

Conclusions:

  • A simple and effective micropump based on superabsorbent polymers has been developed.
  • The SAP micropump offers adjustable flow rates and can be integrated with valves for automated fluid control.
  • This technology holds potential for advancing automated solution processing in microfluidic bioassays.