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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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Complex coacervates enable microRNA concentration for direct nanopore detection.

Nanami Takeuchi1, Sotaro Takiguchi1, Mamiko Tsugane2

  • 1Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.

Lab on a Chip
|July 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Complex coacervates concentrate biomolecules for analysis. This study integrates coacervate pre-concentration with nanopore sensing, enabling sensitive microRNA detection without traditional assay inhibition.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Complex coacervates (CCs) utilize liquid-liquid phase separation for biomolecule concentration.
  • High ionic strength needed to dissolve CCs poses challenges for downstream analyte detection.
  • Existing methods like RT-PCR are inhibited by CC components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated workflow combining CC pre-concentration with nanopore sensing.
  • To investigate CCs formed by polycations and nucleotides for microRNA enrichment.
  • To demonstrate seamless analyte detection post-pre-concentration.

Main Methods:

  • Formation of CCs using polycations (PLL, PDDA) and nucleotides (ATP, ADP).
  • Enrichment of microRNAs (miRNAs) within the CC phase.
  • Detection of enriched miRNAs using α-hemolysin nanopore sensing after salt-induced dissolution.
  • Optimization of CC polymer composition (S-PDDA/ATP) to reduce pore clogging and noise.

Main Results:

  • CCs effectively enriched miRNAs.
  • The dissolved CC phase was compatible with nanopore detection.
  • Optimized CCs (S-PDDA/ATP) minimized nanopore sensor interference.
  • Successful detection of enriched miRNAs using DNA probes and nanopore sensing.

Conclusions:

  • Phase separation offers a viable pre-concentration strategy for nanopore biosensing.
  • This integrated workflow overcomes limitations of traditional detection methods.
  • The approach demonstrates potential for sensitive and direct biomolecule analysis.