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Site-Directed Immobilization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 to Solid Surfaces by Click Chemistry
Published on: March 29, 2018
Radiographic and histologic effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2/hydroxyapatite within bioabsorbable magnesium
Le Hoang Nam Dang1, Yu Kyoung Kim2, Seo Young Kim2
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
Background:
Hydrogen gas formed by magnesium (Mg) screw corrosion can accumulate around the implant and create bone cysts, long-term osteolysis lesions, and bone healing delay. Thus, several authors currently do not recommend Mg implants for clinical use. In contrast, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2 have a very strong osteoinductive activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of rhBMP-2/hydroxyapatite (HA) inside specially designed Mg cannulated screws in a rabbit femur model for hydrogen gas formation avoidance.
Methods:
Fifteen rabbits underwent randomly different cannulated Mg screw implantation in both distal femora; 30 femora were divided into three groups depending on the materials fill in the cannulated Mg screw: control group (Mg screw with no treatment), HA group (Mg screw with HA), and BMP-2/HA group (Mg screw with a composite BMP-2/HA). Plain radiography, micro-CT, and histological analysis were accomplished, and the ability to release BMP-2 of the screws was evaluated by immersion of both the screw with no treatment and screw with a composite BMP-2/HA into the SBF for up to 7 days.
Results:
X-ray assessment found the gas shadow around the implant was slightly smaller in the BMP-2/HA group than the HA and control groups at 8 weeks. Micro-CT analysis demonstrated statistically significant higher new bone formation in the BMP-2/HA group than the other groups, respectively, which also correlated with a decreased gas volume. Histological analysis showed higher osteointegration between implants and host femurs in the BMP-2/HA group than the HA and control groups at 12 weeks.
Conclusions:
This study indicates that the combination of BMP-2/HA within Mg screws enhances new bone formation and therefore has the potential to decrease the complications of hydrogen gas formation around these implants.
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