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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Fabrication of Three-dimensional Paper-based Microfluidic Devices for Immunoassays
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Three-dimensional paper based platform for automatically running multiple assays in a single step.

Yupan Wu1, Yukun Ren2, Lianhuan Han1

  • 1School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China.

Talanta
|May 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel 3D microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for automated, cost-effective point-of-care testing. These 3D μPADs enable multiplexed ELISA and dual detections on a single device, simplifying complex diagnostics.

Keywords:
Colorimetric detectionELISAElectrochemical detectionPaper device

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Paper-based assays offer potential for automated, cost-effective point-of-care testing (POCT).
  • Existing microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) often face limitations in complexity and multiplexing capabilities.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are standard laboratory methods but rarely used in practical, field-based POCT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fabrication method for three-dimensional (3D) μPADs using adhesive films and paper folding.
  • To create a versatile 3D platform capable of performing multiple assays, including dual colorimetric and electrochemical detections.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of automated and multiplexed ELISA on a 3D μPAD for simplified, complex diagnostic assays.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of 3D μPADs by combining thin adhesive films and paper folding, avoiding cellulose powders and complex folding.
  • Design of a 3D μPAD platform for simultaneous colorimetric and electrochemical detections.
  • Development of a 3D platform for automated, multiplexed ELISA using Troponin I as a model analyte.

Main Results:

  • The developed fabrication method allows for multi-layered assays on a small footprint.
  • The 3D μPAD enabled dual colorimetric and electrochemical detections.
  • Automated, multiplexed ELISA demonstrated a broad dynamic range with a low detection limit of 0.35 ng/mL for Troponin I.

Conclusions:

  • The novel 3D μPAD fabrication method simplifies the creation of advanced paper-based analytical devices.
  • The developed 3D platform facilitates cost-effective, automated, and multiplexed diagnostic assays.
  • This technology holds significant promise for both academic research and resource-poor point-of-care testing settings.