Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026
10:05
DTI of the Visual Pathway - White Matter Tracts and Cerebral Lesions
Published on: August 26, 2014
14.6K
Detecting microstructural white matter abnormalities of frontal pathways in children with ADHD using advanced
Weining Wu1,2, Gloria McAnulty3, Hesham M Hamoda4,3
1College of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, People's Republic of China. wuweining@hrbeu.edu.cn.
Brain Imaging and Behavior
|May 2, 2019
Summary
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show reduced white matter density and volume in key brain pathways. This study used advanced MRI to reveal microstructural differences in fronto-striato-thalamic connections, impacting attention and executive functions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Radiology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with attention and executive system alterations.
- Previous studies noted frontal lobe abnormalities but lacked comprehensive white matter fiber bundle analysis.
- Existing DTI models are often non-specific for understanding white matter changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate microstructural differences in fronto-striato-thalamic pathways using advanced dMRI in children with ADHD.
- To compare axonal/cellular density and volume in white matter fiber bundles between ADHD and control groups.
- To identify specific white matter abnormalities in ADHD using a multi-fiber tractography algorithm.
Main Methods:
- Utilized multi-shell diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from 30 children with ADHD and 28 healthy controls.
- Employed an advanced multi-fiber tractography algorithm to analyze 45 white matter fiber bundles.
- Assessed head motion to ensure group comparability and applied corrections for multiple comparisons.
Main Results:
- Found significantly lower axonal/cellular packing density and volume in 8 out of 45 analyzed fiber bundles in children with ADHD.
- Identified abnormalities primarily in the right hemisphere, including SLF-II, thalamo-cortical, and caudate-cortical pathways.
- Observed microstructural abnormalities in striato-thalamo-cortical connections, previously unreported in pediatric ADHD.
Conclusions:
- Demonstrated reduced axonal/cellular density and volume in specific frontal lobe white matter tracts in children with ADHD.
- These findings link microstructural white matter changes to impaired attention and executive control systems.
- Highlighted novel striato-thalamo-cortical pathway abnormalities in pediatric ADHD, advancing understanding of the disorder's neurobiology.
Keywords:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)Frontal pathwaysLinear discriminant analysis (LDA)Unscented Kalman filterWhite-matter abnormalitiesMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:12Diffusion
217.2K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
217.2K
02:49Classifying Matter by State
102.9K
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars.
102.9K
02:59The Atomic Theory of Matter
127.2K
The earliest recorded discussion of the basic structure of matter comes from ancient Greek philosophers. Leucippus and Democritus argued that all matter was composed of small, finite particles that they called atomos, meaning “indivisible.” Later, Aristotle and others came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four “elements” — fire, earth, air, and water — and could be infinitely divided. Interestingly, these philosophers...
127.2K
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
5.1K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.1K
03:35Classifying Matter by Composition
90.0K
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
90.0K
02:57Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
165.8K
The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
165.8K