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Flexible interferometric null testing for concave free-form surfaces using a hybrid refractive and diffractive

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    A new flexible interferometric null test method uses a hybrid refractive and diffractive variable null (HRDVN) to test free-form surfaces. This adaptable technique overcomes limitations of traditional methods for optical surface testing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Metrology
    • Surface Science

    Background:

    • Free-form surfaces are crucial in advanced optical systems, demanding precise manufacturing and testing.
    • Traditional interferometric null methods for surface figure error testing lack flexibility for complex free-form shapes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a flexible interferometric null test method for free-form surfaces with a wide departure range.
    • To introduce a novel hybrid refractive and diffractive variable null (HRDVN) as a key component for adaptable testing.

    Main Methods:

    • A flexible null testing setup was designed and established utilizing a hybrid refractive and diffractive variable null (HRDVN).
    • The HRDVN was engineered for adaptability in aberration types and amplitude, with moderate phase generation accuracy.

    Main Results:

    • The flexible null method successfully tested a free-form surface with significant departures: 173.486λ (rotationally symmetric) and 23.786λ (non-rotationally symmetric).
    • Demonstrated the method's superb adaptive capacity and moderate test accuracy for complex optical surfaces.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed flexible interferometric null test method, using HRDVN, offers a versatile solution for testing free-form surfaces.
    • This approach significantly enhances testing flexibility compared to conventional methods, enabling broader applications in optical manufacturing.