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Asthma and Allergies in the School Environment.
Brittany Esty1,2, Perdita Permaul3, Kristie DeLoreto4
1Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan Building, 6th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|May 3, 2019
Summary
School environmental exposures like allergens and pollutants are linked to childhood asthma. More research is needed on effective school-based interventions to improve children's health and reduce asthma symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Schools are complex indoor environments with significant allergen and pollutant exposures.
- Childhood asthma morbidity is associated with exposures encountered in the school setting.
- Understanding these exposures is crucial for developing effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review common school environmental exposures and their impact on children with allergies and asthma.
- To highlight the need for better evaluation of school environments and interventions.
- To discuss the potential benefits of school-based interventions for public health.
Main Methods:
- This is a review focusing on existing research regarding school environmental exposures.
- It examines common allergens (cockroach, rodents, pets, dust mites, fungus) and pollutants.
- The review discusses the limitations of current studies, such as small sample sizes and lack of control for home exposures.
Main Results:
- Current research indicates a link between school exposures and increased asthma morbidity in children.
- There is a lack of robust data on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of school-based environmental interventions.
- The School Inner-City Asthma Intervention Study (SICAS 2) is a key ongoing trial.
Conclusions:
- Randomized controlled trials are essential to evaluate school-based environmental interventions and their health outcomes.
- Successful interventions could inform policy and improve the quality of life for children with asthma.
- Allergists/immunologists can utilize existing policies and toolkits to advocate for asthma-friendly schools.
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