Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Encoding01:19

Encoding

780
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
780
Econometric Views (EViews)01:29

Econometric Views (EViews)

569
Econometric Views, often stylized as EViews, is a package that merges statistical analysis with econometric studies. It is designed to provide tools for time series analysis, forecasting, and econometric model simulation. The software originated from MicroTSP software and has evolved significantly since its inception in 1981. The history of EViews is marked by a continuous effort to enhance its computational speed and user interface. It was initially developed for large computing systems but...
569
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

4.4K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
4.4K
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

7.3K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.3K
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

845
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
845
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

294
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
294

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Temporal order-dependent and -independent cortical representation of gaze sequences.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same author

Opening the black box of neural variability: From noise to mechanisms.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same author

Neural Dynamics of Relational Memory Retrieval Across Eye Movements.

Psychophysiology·2025
Same author

The interplay of visual short-term memory, attention, and consciousness: A PRISMA systematic review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies with partial report and change detection.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2025
Same author

Perceptual bias in Gestalt grouping by proximity affected by visual working memory load.

Acta psychologica·2025
Same author

Hierarchical event segmentation of episodic memory in virtual reality.

NPJ science of learning·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Author Spotlight: Magnetic-Based Cell Patterning Method for High-Throughput Biomedical Applications
05:09

Author Spotlight: Magnetic-Based Cell Patterning Method for High-Throughput Biomedical Applications

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.8K

Refixation patterns reveal memory-encoding strategies in free viewing.

Radha Nila Meghanathan1,2, Andrey R Nikolaev3, Cees van Leeuwen3,4

  • 1Laboratory for Perceptual Dynamics, Brain & Cognition Research Unit, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3711, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. radhanila.meghanathan@kuleuven.be.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|May 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eye movements during visual search reveal how we encode information in visual working memory. Increased refixations and specific fixation patterns correlate with higher memory loads and successful recall.

Keywords:
Embodied perceptionEye movementsVisual search

More Related Videos

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.4K
A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Author Spotlight: Magnetic-Based Cell Patterning Method for High-Throughput Biomedical Applications
05:09

Author Spotlight: Magnetic-Based Cell Patterning Method for High-Throughput Biomedical Applications

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.8K
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.4K
A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Visual working memory (VWM) is crucial for complex cognitive tasks.
  • Understanding how VWM is encoded, especially during active visual exploration, remains a key research question.
  • Eye movements, particularly refixations, are hypothesized to play a role in VWM encoding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between eye movement patterns and visual working memory encoding.
  • To analyze refixation behavior during visual search and its link to memory load.
  • To determine how eye fixation recurrence influences change detection performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a visual search task over 10-second periods with varying memory loads (3-5 targets).
  • Orientation of targets was memorized for a subsequent change-detection task.
  • Eye-fixation patterns, including refixations and recurrence, were quantified and analyzed in relation to memory load and task performance.

Main Results:

  • Repeated fixations on the same regions and fixation patterns increased with higher memory loads.
  • Successful change detection was linked to more refixations on targets and fewer on distractors.
  • Increased frequency of fixation recurrence and longer intervals between refixations were associated with better performance.

Conclusions:

  • Eye movement patterns, specifically refixations and their recurrence, are integral to visual working memory representation.
  • The findings support the view that active visual exploration and eye movements are not separate from, but rather part of, memory encoding.
  • This research provides insights into the dynamic interplay between attention, eye movements, and memory formation.