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Color-difference formula for evaluating color pairs with no separation: ΔENS
Summary
A new color difference formula, Delta E_NS (ΔENS), accounts for viewing adjacent color samples without separation. This formula improves accuracy in printing applications by considering the "no separation" viewing condition.
Area of Science:
- Color Science
- Print Technology
- Visual Perception
Background:
- Existing color-difference formulas assume hairline separation between samples.
- Printing applications often involve adjacent samples with no separation (NS).
- This difference in viewing conditions necessitates new evaluation methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a new color-difference formula for NS viewing conditions.
- To investigate the impact of color-difference magnitude on visual perception for NS pairs.
- To compare the performance of the new formula against existing methods.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of 1012 printed color pairs with NS around 11 CIE color centers.
- Visual evaluation of pairs with four color-difference magnitudes (1, 2, 4, 8 CIELAB units) by 19 observers.
- Modification of the CIEDE2000 formula to create the proposed ΔENS equation.
Main Results:
- A clear separation effect was observed when comparing NS data with hairline-separated data.
- The proposed ΔENS formula effectively describes the separation effect.
- For NS pairs, lightness difference increases with CIEDE2000 difference < 9.1, while chromatic difference is unaffected. The trend reverses for differences > 9.1.
Conclusions:
- The new ΔENS formula provides a more accurate evaluation of color differences for adjacent samples in printing.
- The formula accounts for the visual perception changes due to the absence of sample separation.
- Further research is recommended to assess the ΔENS formula's performance in practical applications.
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